文章摘要
这篇文章介绍了一个使用Vi脚本实现的二进制转十进制转换程序。脚本包含多个函数：`help()`用于显示帮助信息，`error()`用于处理无效输入，`lastchar()`用于获取字符串最后一个字符，`chop()`用于截取字符串除最后一个字符外的部分。主程序通过循环读取二进制数的每一位，将其转换为十进制并累加，最后输出结果。该脚本简洁明了，适合需要自动化二进制转十进制操作的用户使用。
#!/bin/sh
# vim: set sw=4 ts=4 et:
help()
{
cat < b2h — convert binary to decimal
USAGE: b2h [-h] binarynum
OPTIONS: -h help text
EXAMPLE: b2h 111010
will return 58
HELP
exit 0
}
error()
{
# print an error and exit
echo “$1”
exit 1
}
lastchar()
{
# return the last character of a string in $rval
if [ -z “$1” ]; then
# empty string
rval=””
return
fi
# wc puts some space behind the output this is why we need sed:
numofchar=`echo -n “$1” | wc -c | sed ‘s/ //g’ `
# now cut out the last char
rval=`echo -n “$1” | cut -b $numofchar`
}
chop()
{
# remove the last character in string and return it in $rval
if [ -z “$1” ]; then
# empty string
rval=””
return
fi
# wc puts some space behind the output this is why we need sed:
numofchar=`echo -n “$1” | wc -c | sed ‘s/ //g’ `
if [ “$numofchar”=”1” ]; then
# only one char in string
rval=””
return
fi
numofcharminus1=`expr $numofchar “-” 1`
# now cut all but the last char:
rval=`echo -n “$1” | cut -b 0-${numofcharminus1}`
}
while [ -n “$1” ]; do
case $1 in
-h) help;shift 1;; # function help is called
–) shift;break;; # end of options
-*) error “error: no such option $1. -h for help”;;
*) break;;
esac
done
# The main program
sum=0
weight=1
# one arg must be given:
[ -z “$1” ] && help
binnum=”$1″
binnumorig=”$1″
while [ -n “$binnum” ]; do
lastchar “$binnum”
if [ “$rval”=”1” ]; then
sum=`expr “$weight” “+” “$sum”`
fi
# remove the last position in $binnum
chop “$binnum”
binnum=”$rval”
weight=`expr “$weight” “*” 2`
done
echo “binary $binnumorig is decimal $sum”
#
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