文章摘要
这篇文章介绍了如何在生产环境中安全安装和配置MariaDB。主要内容包括：
1. **安装准备**：建议运行完整的安装脚本，确保在生产环境中使用。需获取root用户的当前密码，若刚安装MariaDB且未设置密码，默认密码为空，直接回车即可。
2. **root密码设置**：设置root用户的密码以增强安全性。完成密码设置后，系统会提示“Access denied”，但设置成功后会继续操作。
3. **权限表重新加载**：完成初始设置后，系统会自动重新加载权限表，确保之前的操作生效。
4. **匿名用户和测试数据库清理**：默认情况下，MariaDB安装了一个匿名用户和一个测试数据库。这些功能仅用于测试，需在生产环境前删除。
5. **注意事项**：建议在生产环境中删除匿名用户和测试数据库，以避免潜在的安全风险。此外，root用户的登录权限仅限于本地环境，避免通过网络猜测密码。
总结：文章指导用户如何安全地完成MariaDB的安装，并确保其在生产环境中的安全性。
➜ 10.1.14: mysql_secure_installation
➜ 10.1.14: mysql_secure_installation
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we’ll need the current
password for the root user. If you’ve just installed MariaDB, and
you haven’t set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user ‘root’@’localhost’ (using password: YES)
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user ‘root’@’localhost’ (using password: YES)
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on…
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.
Set root password? [Y/n] Y
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
… Success!
By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y
… Success!
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from ‘localhost’. This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] n
… skipping.
By default, MariaDB comes with a database named ‘test’ that anyone can
access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y
– Dropping test database…
… Success!
– Removing privileges on test database…
… Success!
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y
… Success!
Cleaning up…
All done! If you’ve completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MariaDB!
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